《岳阳楼记》中有许多经典的句子，以下是其中一些重点句子解释及英文翻译对照：
1. 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。
- 翻译：Worry about the world's worries before they happen, and enjoy the world's joys after they occur.
- 解释：这句话表达了作者先为国家的忧患而忧虑，后为国家的安乐而高兴的高尚情操。
2. 不以物喜，不以己悲。
- 翻译：Not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal losses.
- 解释：这句话说明了作者不因外物的得失而喜悲，保持了一种超然的心态。
3. 居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。
- 翻译：When holding a high position in the court, one worries about the people; when living far from the court, one worries about the ruler.
- 解释：这句话描述了作者无论身处何地，都心系国家和百姓。
4. 春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷。
- 翻译：In the spring, the scenery is bright and clear, the waves are calm, the sky above and the water below are a vast expanse of blue.
- 解释：这句话描绘了春天岳阳楼前的洞庭湖平静而美丽的景象。
5. 而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧。
- 翻译：Sometimes, a long stretch of mist clears away, and the bright moon shines over a thousand miles, with the light reflecting like jumping gold, and the still shadows sinking like jade.
- 解释：这句话形容了洞庭湖上烟雾散去后，月光照耀下的美丽夜景。
6. 登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。
- 翻译：Climbing this tower, one may feel homesick, worried about slanders and fears of ridicule, the sight is bleak, and one may be overwhelmed with sadness.
- 解释：这句话表达了登上岳阳楼后，可能会引发的思乡之情和对世俗的非议的担忧。
这些翻译仅为意译，文言文的翻译需要根据上下文和古文的语法结构进行精确理解和表达。在学习过程中，建议结合具体的教学材料和注释来深入理解这些句子的含义。